Impact of Organizational Justice on Turnover Intentions: Moderating Role of Job Embeddedness
Authors
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
It is evident from the past research that employees who perceive the organizational policies as not just, the employees tend to leave the organizations and start their professional career in other organizations where they feel comfortable and organization policies as fair and just. Literature accords the moderate relationship of job embeddedness on turnover intentions. This study analyzed the moderate relationship of job embeddedness on turnover intentions and organizational justice in banking sector of Pakistan. Sample of study consists of 313 banking employees from different cadre. Regression Analysis was used to analyze the data. Results clearly indicate that job embeddedness do not moderate the relationship of turnover intentions and organizational justice. There is further need to explore the role of job embeddedness in other professional organizations. Implications for management and future directions are discussed.
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2018 Sadia Arif
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Ambrose, M. L. (2002). Contemporary justice research: a new look at familiar questions‖, Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes, 89(1), 803-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-5978(02)00030-4 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Aryee, S., Budhwar, P. S., & Chen, Z. X. (2002). ―Trust as a Mediator of the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Work Outcomes: Test of a Social Exchange Model‖, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(3), 267-285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.138 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Bergiel EB, Nguyen, VQ, Clenney BF, Taylor GS. 2009. Human resource practices, job embeddedness and intention to quit. Management Research News 32(3): 205–219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01409170910943084 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Bies, R. J., & Moag, J. (1986). Interactional justice: Communication criteria of fairness. In Lewicki, R. J., Sheppard, B. H. & Bies, R., Research on negotiation in organizations, 1, 43–55, JAI Press.
Brashear, T. G., Manolis, C. and Brooks, C. M., 2005. The Effects of Control, Trust and Justice on Salesperson Turnover. Journal of Business Research 58, 241– 249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00134-6 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Burton JP, Holtom, BC, Sablynski CJ, Mitchell TR, Lee TW. 2010. The buffering effects of job embeddedness on negative shocks. Journal of Vocational Behaviour 76(1): 42–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.06.006 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Byrne, Z.S. (2005) Fairness Reduce the Negative Effects of Organizational Politics on Turnover Intentions, Citizenship Behavior and Job Performance. Journal of Business and Psychology, 20, 175-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-005-8258-0 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Chan, D. (1996). Cognitive misfit of problem-solving style at work: A facet of personorganization fit‖, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 68, 194-207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.1996.0099
Chatman, J. A. (1991). Matching people and organizations: Selection and socialization in public accounting firms‖, Academy of Management Review, 36, 459–484. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2393204 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Cropanzano, R., & Greenberg, J. (1997). Progress in organizational justice: Tunneling through the maze‖, In C. Cooper & I. Robertson, Interactional review of industrial and organizational psychology, 317-372. New York: Wiley
Cohen-Charash, Y., Spector, P. E. (2001). The role of justice in organizations: a meta-analysis", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86 (2), 278–321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2001.2958 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Colquitt, J.A. (2001) On the Dimensionality of Organizational Justice: A Construct Validation of a Measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 386-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
DeCoster, J., & Claypool, H. (2004). Data analysis in SPSS. Retrieved Feb 18, 2013 from http://www.stat-help.com/notes.html
Felps, W., Mitchell, T. R., Hekman, D. R., Lee, T. W., Holtom, B. C., & Harman, W. S. (2009). Turnover contagion: how coworkers‘ job embeddedness and job search behaviors influence quitting‖, Academy of Management Journal, 52 (3), 545–561. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2009.41331075 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Flint, D., Haley, L. M. and McNally, J. J., 2013. Individual and Organizational Determinants of Turnover Intent. Personnel Review, 42(5) 552 – 572. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2012-0051 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
George, C., 2015. Retaining Professional Workers: What Makes Them Stay? Employee Relations, 37 (1), 102 – 121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-10-2013-0151 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, J. (1990). Organizational justice: yesterday, today, tomorrow‖, Journal of Management, 16 (2), 399-432 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639001600208
Greenberg, J. (1987) A Taxonomy of Organizational Justice Theories. The Academy of Management Review, 12, 9-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1987.4306437 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Harris, K.J., Andrews, M.C. and Kacmar, M.K. (2007) The Moderating Effects of Justice on the Relationship between Organizational Politics and Workplace Attitude. Journal of Business Psychology, 22, 135-144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-007-9054-9 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Haven-Tang C, Jones E. 2008. Labour market and skills needs of the tourism and related sectors in Wales. International Journal of Tourism Research 10(4): 353–363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.666 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Holtom BC, Mitchell TR, Lee TW. 2006. Increasing human and social capital by applying job embeddedness theory. Organisational Dynamics 35(4): 316–331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2006.08.007 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Holtom, B. C. & O'Neill, B. S. (2004). ―Job embeddedness: A theoretical foundation for developing a comprehensive nurse retention plan‖, Journal of Nursing Administration, 34, 216–227. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005110-200405000-00005 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Homans, G.C. (1961) Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. Harcourt, Brace, and World, New York.
Kassing, J.W., Piemonte, N.M., Goman, C.C. and Mitchell, C.A. (2012) Dissent Expression as an Indicator of Work Engagement and Intention to Leave. Journal of Business Communication, 49, 237-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0021943612446751 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Karatepe OM. 2012. The effects of coworker and perceived organisational support on hotel employee outcomes: the moderating role of job embeddedness. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348011413592
Kusluvan S, Kusluvan Z, Ilhan Z, Buyruk L. 2010. The human dimension: a review of human resources management issues in the tourism and hospitality industry. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 51(2): 171–214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1938965510362871 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Lee TW, Mitchell TR. 1994. An alternative approach: the unfolding model of voluntary employee turnover. Academy of Management Review 19(1): 51–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1994.9410122008 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Sablynski, C. J., Burton, J. P., & Holtom, B. C. (2004). ―The effects of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship, job performance, volitional absences, and voluntary turnover‖, Academy of Management Journal, 47 (5), 711−722. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/20159613 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Luo, Y. (2007) the Independent and Interactive Roles of Procedural, Distributive, and Interactional Justice in Strategic Alliances. Academy of Management Journal, 50, 644-664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.25526452 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Mallol, C. M., Holtom, B. C., & Lee, T. W. (2007). ―Job embeddedness in a culturally diverse environment‖, Journal of Business Psychology, 22: 35–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-007-9045-x CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Milgrom, P. and Oster, S. (1987) Job Discrimination, Market Forces and the Invisibility Hypothesis. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102, 453-476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1884213 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell TR, Holtom BC, Lee TW, Sablynski CJ, Erez M. 2001. Why people stay: using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal 44(6): 1102–1121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/3069391 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O. & Hollinsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover‖, Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408-414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.63.4.408 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Mobley, W.H., Griffeth, R.W., Hand, H.H. and Meglino, B.M. (1979) Review and Conceptual Analysis of the Employee Turnover Process. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 493-522. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Niehoff, B.P. and Moormon, R.H. (1993) Justice as a Mediator of the Relationship between Methods of Monitoring and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 527-556. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/256591 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Noruzy, A., Shatery, K., Rezazadeh, A. & Hatami-Shirkouhi, L. (2011). ―Investigation the relationship between organizational justice, and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating role of perceived organizational support‖, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 4 (7), 842-847 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2011/v4i7.21 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
O'Reilly, C. W., Chatman, J. & Caldwell, D. F. (1991). ―People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to person-organization fit‖, Academy of Management Journal, 34, 487-516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/256404 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Parker, R.J. and Kohlmeyer, J.M. (2005) Organizational Justice and Turnover in Public Accounting Firms: A Research Note. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 30, 357-369. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2004.05.001 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Radzi, S. M., Alan Ramley, S. Z., Salehuddin., M., Othman, Z. & Jalis, M. H. (2009). ―An Empirical Assessment of Hotel Departmental Managers Turnover Intentions: The Impact of Organizational Justice‖, International Journal of Business and Management, 4(8), 173-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v4n8p173 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Ramesh A, Gelfand MJ. 2010. Will they stay or will they go? The role of job embeddedness in predicting turnover in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Journal of Applied Psychology 95 (5): 807–823. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019464 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Reitz, O. E. & Anderson, M. A. (2011). ―An overview of job embeddedness‖, Journal of Professional Nursing, 27(5), 320-327. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2011.04.004 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Roch, S. G. & Shnock, L. R. (2006). Organizational justice in an exchange framework: clarifying organizational justice distinctions‖, Journal of Management, 32(2), 299-322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305280115 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Samad, S. (2006). ―The contribution of demographic variables: job characteristics and job satisfaction on turnover intentions‖, Journal of International Management Studies, 1 (1).
Sekiguchi, T., Burton, J. P. & Sablynski, C. J. (2008). ―The role of job embeddedness on employee performance: The interactive effects with leader–member exchange and organization-based self-esteem‖, Journal of Personnel Psychology, 61, 761−792. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.00130.x CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Singh J, Verbeke W, Rhoads GK. 1996. Do organisational practices matter in role stress processes? a study of direct and moderating effects for marketing-oriented boundary spanners. Journal of Marketing 60(3): 69–86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1251842 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Swider BW, Boswell WR, Zimmerman RD. 2011. Examining the job search-turnover relationship: the role of embeddedness, job satisfaction, and available alternatives. Journal of Applied Psychology 96(2): 432–441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021676 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Tanova C, Holtom BC. 2008. Using job embeddedness factors to explain voluntary turnover in four European countries. International Journal of Human Resource Management 19 (9): 1553–1568. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190802294820 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Tett, R.P. and Meyer, J.P. (1993) Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Turnover Intention, and Turnover: Path Analyses Based on Meta-Analytic Findings. Personnel Psychology, 46, 259-293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Thibaut, J. and Walker, J. (1975). Procedural justice: A psychological analysis‖, New York:Wiley.
Vigoda, E. (2000) Organizational Politics, Job Attitudes, and Work Outcomes: Exploration and Implications for the Public Sector. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 57, 326-347 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1999.1742 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Walster, E., Berscheid, E. and Walster, G.W. (1973) New Directions in Equity Research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 25, 151-176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0033967 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler AR, Harris KJ, Harvey P. 2010. Moderating and mediating the HRM effectiveness-intent to turnover relationships: the roles of supervisors and job embeddedness. Journal of Managerial Issues 22(2): 182–196.
Walumbwa, F. O., Cropanzano, R. & Hartnell, C. A. (2009). Organizational justice, voluntary learning behavior and job performance: a test of the mediating effects of identification and leader-member exchange‖, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(8), 1103–1126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.611 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Zagladi, A.N., Hadiwidjojo, D., Rahayu, M. and Noermijati. (2015) The Role of Job Satisfaction and Power Distance in Determining the Influence of Organizational Justice toward the Turnover Intention. Social and Behavioural Sciences, 211, 42-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.007 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Zhang M, Fried DD, Griffeth RW. 2012. A review of job embeddedness: conceptual, measurement issues, and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review. DOI: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2012.02.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2012.02.004 CrossrefGoogle Scholar