The Mediating Role of Hard Quality Management in the Relationship Between Soft Quality Management and Innovation Performance

Authors

Ehsan Masoudi  1
Quality Management Research Group, University of Isfahan, Iran 1
“crossref”/
Views: 961  
Downloads: 836  

Main Article Content

Abstract

Purpose - Hard and soft quality management are known as two important dimensions of total quality management (TQM) that can improve the performance of manufacturing and service organizations. The paper aims to examine the effect of soft quality management (soft QM) on innovation performance (IP) with the mediating role of hard quality management (hard QM). 
Design/Methodology - A questionnaire was designed for the model test and distributed among 130 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Golpayegan industrial town located in Iran. PLS-SEM was used to analyze the data.
Findings - The results showed that soft QM affects hard QM and IP. Also, the impact of hard QM on IP was confirmed. The mediating role of hard QM in the relationship between soft QM and IP was also confirmed.
Practical Implications - The findings of this research encourage managers of SMEs to focus attention on hard and soft QM simultaneously to improve innovation performance in companies.

Article Details

Masoudi, E. (2024). The Mediating Role of Hard Quality Management in the Relationship Between Soft Quality Management and Innovation Performance. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 7(1), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.33215/3txfzp10
Research Articles

Copyright (c) 2024 Ehsan Masoudi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Data Availability Statement: The data that supports the findings of this study are available from the author, upon reasonable request.

Abdullah, M. M. B., & Tari, J. J. (2012). The influence of soft and hard quality management practices on performance. Asia Pacific Management Review, 17(2) 177-193.

Ahinful, A. A., Opoku Mensah, A., Koomson, S., Nyarko, F. K., & Nkrumah, E. (2024). A conceptual framework of total quality management on innovation performance in the banking sector. The TQM Journal, 36(4), 1193-1211. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2022-0334 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2022-0334 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Ahmed, A. O., & Idris, A. A. (2020). Examining the relationship between soft total quality management (TQM) aspects and employees' job satisfaction in “ISO 9001” Sudanese oil companies. The TQM Journal, 33(1), 95-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-05-2019-0147 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-05-2019-0147 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Aldás, J. (2016). Modelización Estructural con PLS-SEM: Constructos de Segundo Orden, ADD Editorial, Madrid.

Ali, K., Johl, S. K., Muneer, A., Alwadain, A., & Ali, R. F. (2022). Soft and hard total quality management practices promote industry 4.0 readiness: a SEM-neural network approach. Sustainability, 14(19), 11917. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911917 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911917 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Al-Sabi, S. M., Al-Ababneh, M. M., & Masadeh, M. (2019). The role of job satisfaction on employees’ innovation performance in the Jordanian hospitality industry. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 7(2), 186-201. https://doi.org/10.15640/jthm.v7n2a16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15640/jthm.v7n2a16 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Al-Sabi, S. M., Al-Ababneh, M. M., Masadeh, M. A., & Elshaer, I. A. (2023). Enhancing innovation performance in the hotel industry: the role of employee empowerment and quality management practices. Administrative Sciences, 13(3), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13030066 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13030066 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Andersson, M., Moen, O., & Brett, P. O. (2020). The organizational climate for psychological safety: Associations with SMEs' innovation capabilities and innovation performance. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 55, 101554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2020.101554 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2020.101554 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Ardito, L., Raby, S., Albino, V., & Bertoldi, B. (2021). The duality of digital and environmental orientations in the context of SMEs: Implications for innovation performance. Journal of Business Research, 123, 44-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.022 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Babatunde, O. K. (2021). Mapping the implications and competencies for Industry 4.0 to hard and soft total quality management. The TQM Journal, 33(4), 896-914. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-07-2020-0158 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-07-2020-0158 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16, 74-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009207038801600107 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Benitez, J., Arenas, A., Castillo, A., & Esteves, J. (2022). Impact of digital leadership capability on innovation performance: The role of platform digitization capability. Information & Management, 59(2), 103590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2022.103590 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2022.103590 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Chang, C. Y., Tsai, K. H., & Sung, B. (2024). Can market knowledge lead to radical product innovation performance? The double-edged sword effect of absorptive capacity. European Journal of Innovation Management, 27(2), 403-423. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-01-2022-0058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-01-2022-0058 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Chávez-Rivera, M. E., Ruíz-Jiménez, J. M., & Fuentes-Fuentes, M. D. M. (2024). The effects of context and characteristics of women entrepreneurs on innovation performance. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 27(1), 73-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/23409444231220951 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/23409444231220951 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for business research, 295(2), 295-336.

Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In Handbook of Partial Least Squares. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 655-690. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_29 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Daud, S., & Yusoff, W. F. W. (2011). The influence of soft and hard TQM factors on knowledge management: perspective from Malaysia. In International Conference on Management and Service Science, 8, 17-22. Singapore: IACSIT Press. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-05-2021-0238

Escrig-Tena, A. B., Segarra-Ciprés, M., García-Juan, B., & Beltrán-Martín, I. (2018). The impact of hard and soft quality management and proactive behaviour in determining innovation performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 200, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.03.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.03.011 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Eze, E. C., Sofolahan, O., Adegboyega, A. A., & Saidu, K. J. (2019). Factors limiting the full-scale adoption of process and product innovation in the Nigerian construction industry. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 2(3), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i3.145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i3.145 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Gambi, L. D. N., Lizarelli, F. L., Junior, A. R. R., & Boer, H. (2020). The impact of quality management practices on innovation: an empirical research study of Brazilian manufacturing companies. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(3), 1059-1082. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2020-0168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-04-2020-0168 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Gumel, B. I. (2019). Mitigating the challenges of small and medium enterprises in Nigeria. (2019). SEISENSE Journal of Management, 2(3), 82-99. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i3.129 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i3.129 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Pieper, T. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2012). The use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in strategic management research: a review of past practices and recommendations for future applications. Long range planning, 45(5-6), 320-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tatham,R. L.,& Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M. and Sarstedt, M. (2014). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.

Hameed, K., Arshed, N., & Munir, M. (2021). Role of knowledge creation and absorptive capacity: a panel data study of innovation. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 4(2), 25-44. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v4i2.579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v4i2.579 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43, 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In New challenges to international marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277-319). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Hurtado-Palomino, A., De la Gala-Velásquez, B., & Ccorisapra-Quintana, J. (2022). The interactive effect of innovation capability and potential absorptive capacity on innovation performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(4), 100259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100259 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Kalogiannidis, S. I. (2021). The effects of total quality management practices and marketing on performance of SMEs. A case of selected manufacturing industries, Greece. Business Management and Strategy, 12(1), 48-62. https://doi.org/10.5296/bms.v12i1.17995 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5296/bms.v12i1.17995 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Kanapathy, K., Bin, C. S., Zailani, S., & Aghapour, A. H. (2017). The impact of soft TQM and hard TQM on innovation performance: the moderating effect of organisational culture. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 20(4), 429-461. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPQM.2017.082831 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPQM.2017.082831 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Kim, D. Y., Kumar, V., & Kumar, U. (2012). Relationship between quality management practices and innovation. Journal of operations management, 30(4), 295-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.02.003 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration (ijec), 11(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Kumar, M., Mamgain, P., Pasumarti, S. S., & Singh, P. K. (2024). Organizational IT support and knowledge sharing behaviour affecting service innovation performance: empirical evidence from the hospitality industry. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 54(2), 256-279. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-07-2021-0124 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-07-2021-0124 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Kutieshat, R., & Farmanesh, P. (2022). The impact of new human resource management practices on innovation performance during the COVID 19 crisis: A new perception on enhancing the educational sector. Sustainability, 14(5), 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052872 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052872 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Lepistö, K., Saunila, M., & Ukko, J. (2023). The effects of soft total quality management on the sustainable development of SMEs. Sustainable Development, 31(4), 2797-2813. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2548 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2548 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Lewis, W. G., Fai Pun, K., & Lalla, T. R. (2006). Empirical investigation of the hard and soft criteria of TQM in ISO 9001 certified small and medium‐sized enterprises. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 23(8), 964-985. https://doi.org/10.1108/02656710610688167 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02656710610688167 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Manders, B., de Vries, H. J., & Blind, K. (2016). ISO 9001 and product innovation: A literature review and research framework. Technovation, 48, 41-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2015.11.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2015.11.004 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Masoudi, E. (2021). The impact of total quality management on innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises with the mediating role of organizational learning. Quarterly journal of industrial technology development, 19(43), 77-92. https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2021.244744

Masoudi, E., & Shahin, A. (2021). Structural Relation between Green Entrepreneurial Orientation and Green Innovation by role of Supply Chain Learning as a Mediator in SMEs. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 14(3), 521-539. https://doi.org/10.22059/jed.2021.316511.653554

Masoudi, E., & Shahin, A. (2022). The influence of the quality criteria on the quality cost of suppliers in SMEs. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 29(7), 2313-2333. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-05-2021-0238 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-05-2021-0238 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Miranda Silva, G., J. Gomes, P., Filipe Lages, L., & Lopes Pereira, Z. (2014). The role of TQM in strategic product innovation: an empirical assessment. International journal of operations & production management, 34(10), 1307-1337. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-03-2012-0098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-03-2012-0098 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Nasaj, M. I., & Al Marri, K. (2020). The influence of soft and hard quality management on innovation performance in UAE service sector. In Proceedings of the II International Triple Helix Summit 2 (pp. 307-321). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23898-8_22 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23898-8_22 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Oji, B. C., & Oke, S. A. (2021). Optimisation of bottling process using “hard” total quality management elements. The TQM Journal, 33(2), 473-502. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-03-2020-0057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-03-2020-0057 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Peng, D. X., Schroeder, R. G., & Shah, R. (2008). Linking routines to operations capabilities: A new perspective. Journal of operations management, 26(6), 730-748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.11.001 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Perdomo-Ortiz, J., González-Benito, J., & Galende, J. (2006). Total quality management as a forerunner of business innovation capability. Technovation, 26(10), 1170-1185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2005.09.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2005.09.008 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior research methods, 40(3), 879-891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Psomas, E., Vouzas, F., & Kafetzopoulos, D. (2014). Quality management benefits through the “soft” and “hard” aspect of TQM in food companies. The TQM Journal, 26(5), 431-444. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-02-2013-0017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-02-2013-0017 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Rahman, S. U., & Bullock, P. (2005). Soft TQM, hard TQM, and organisational performance relationships: an empirical investigation. Omega, 33(1), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2004.03.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2004.03.008 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Rehman, S. U., Ashfaq, K., Bresciani, S., Giacosa, E., & Mueller, J. (2023). Nexus among intellectual capital, interorganizational learning, industrial Internet of things technology and innovation performance: a resource-based perspective. Journal of intellectual capital, 24(2), 509-534. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-03-2021-0095 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-03-2021-0095 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Robertson, J., Caruana, A., & Ferreira, C. (2023). Innovation performance: The effect of knowledge-based dynamic capabilities in cross-country innovation ecosystems. International Business Review, 32(2), 101866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101866 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101866 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Sciarelli, M., Gheith, M. H., & Tani, M. (2020). The relationship between soft and hard quality management practices, innovation and organizational performance in higher education. The TQM Journal, 32(6), 1349- https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-01-2020-0014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-01-2020-0014 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Segarra-Ciprés, M., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & García-Juan, B. (2020). The link between quality management and innovation performance: a content analysis of survey-based research. Total quality management & business excellence, 31(1-2), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2017.1401460 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2017.1401460 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Singh, S. K., Mazzucchelli, A., Vessal, S. R., & Solidoro, A. (2021). Knowledge-based HRM practices and innovation performance: Role of social capital and knowledge sharing. Journal of International Management, 27(1), 100830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100830 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100830 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Talib, F., Rahman, Z., & Qureshi, M. N. (2013). An empirical investigation of relationship between total quality management practices and quality performance in Indian service companies. International journal of quality & reliability management, 30(3), 280-318. https://doi.org/10.1108/02656711311299845 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02656711311299845 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Tarí, J. J., Claver-Cortés, E., & García-Fernández, M. (2023). How quality management can enhance performance? A model of relationships mediated by innovation. Production Planning & Control, 34(7), 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2021.1946328 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2021.1946328 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y. M., & Lauro, C. (2005). PLS path modeling. Computational statistics & data analysis, 48(1), 159-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.005 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Zeng, J., Phan, C. A., & Matsui, Y. (2015). The impact of hard and soft quality management on quality and innovation performance: An empirical study. International journal of production economics, 162, 216-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.07.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.07.006 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Zeng, J., Zhang, W., Matsui, Y., & Zhao, X. (2017). The impact of organizational context on hard and soft quality management and innovation performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 185, 240-251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.12.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.12.031 CrossrefGoogle Scholar

Zhang, W., Zeng, X., Liang, H., Xue, Y., & Cao, X. (2023). Understanding how organizational culture affects innovation performance: A management context perspective. Sustainability, 15(8), 6644. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086644 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086644 CrossrefGoogle Scholar